Template:Cite book/doc
This is a documentation subpage for Template:Cite book. It contains usage information, categories and other content that is not part of the original template page. |
This template is used on 500,000+ pages. To avoid large-scale disruption and unnecessary server load, any changes to this template should first be tested in its /sandbox or /testcases subpages, or in your own user space. The tested changes can then be added to this page in one single edit. Please consider discussing any changes on the talk page before implementing them. |
Uses Lua: |
{{Cite arXiv}} | arXiv preprint |
---|---|
{{Cite AV media}} | audio and visual |
{{Cite AV media notes}} | audio and visual liner notes |
{{Cite book}} | books |
{{Cite conference}} | conference papers |
{{Cite DVD notes}} | DVD liner notes |
{{Cite encyclopedia}} | edited collections |
{{Cite episode}} | radio or television episodes |
{{Cite interview}} | interviews |
{{Cite journal}} | magazines, journals, academic papers |
{{Cite mailing list}} | public mailing lists |
{{Cite map}} | maps |
{{Cite news}} | news articles |
{{Cite newsgroup}} | online newsgroups |
{{Cite podcast}} | audio or video podcast |
{{Cite press release}} | press releases |
{{Cite serial}} | audio or video serials |
{{Cite sign}} | signs, plaques |
{{Cite speech}} | speeches |
{{Cite techreport}} | technical reports |
{{Cite thesis}} | theses |
{{Cite web}} | web sources |
This Citation Style 1 template is used to create citations for books. When citing an article in a periodical, use {{cite journal}}. For edited collections, use {{cite encyclopedia}}.
Usage
Copy a blank version to use. All parameter names must be in lowercase. Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Delete unused parameters to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples may include the current date. If the date is not current, then
the page.
|
|
Vertical list | Prerequisites | Brief instructions / notes |
---|---|---|
{{cite book | last1 = | first1 = | author-link1 = | last2 = | first2 = | author-link2 = | last3 = | first3 = | author-link3 = | last4 = | first4 = | author-link4 = | last5 = | first5 = | author-link5 = | display-authors = | author-mask = | author-name-separator = | author-separator = | lastauthoramp = | date = | year = | origyear = | chapter = | trans_chapter = | chapterurl = | editor1-last = | editor1-first = | editor1-link = | editor2-last = | editor2-first = | editor2-link = | editor3-last = | editor3-first = | editor3-link = | editor4-last = | editor4-first = | editor4-link = | editor5-last = | editor5-first = | editor5-link = | display-editors = | title = | trans_title = | url = | deadurl = | format = | type = | series = | language = | volume = | issue = | others = | edition = | location = | publisher = | publication-date = | page = | pages = | at = | nopp = | arxiv = | asin = | bibcode = | doi = | doi_brokendate = | isbn = | issn = | jfm = | jstor = | lccn = | mr = | oclc = | ol = | osti = | pmc = | pmid = | rfc = | ssrn = | zbl = | id = | archiveurl = | archivedate = | accessdate = | via = | registration = | subscription = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = | separator = | postscript = | ref = }} |
last or last1 last or last1 last1 last2 author-last2 last2 last3 author-last3 last3 last4 author-last4 last4 last5 author-last5 last or last1 last or last1 last or last1 last or last1 last or last1 year or date chapter chapter editor1-last editor1-last editor1-last editor2-last editor2-last editor2-last editor3-last editor3-last editor3-last editor4-last editor4-last editor4-last editor5-last editor5-last title url url publisher page or pages doi archivedate archiveurl url laysummary laysummary |
may also use |last= may also use |first= may also use |author-link= last6, last7, last8, ad infinitum first6, first7, first8, ad infinitum author-link6, author-link7, author-link8, ad infinitum do not wikilink |chapter= if |chapterurl= is provided may also use |editor-last= may also use |editor-first= may also use |editor-link= editor6-last, editor7-last, editor8-last, ad infinitum editor6-first, editor7-first, editor8-first, ad infinitum editor6-link, editor7-link, editor8-link, ad infinitum choose one: |page=, |pages= or |at= choose one: |page=, |pages= or |at=. When content on multiple pages supports the article text. choose one: |page=, |pages= or |at= set |nopp=yes to suppress the "p." or "pp." before page numbers always include ISBN if one has been assigned |
- If a field name is listed in the Prerequisites column it is a prerequisite for the field to the left.
Examples
Title
{{cite book |title=Mysterious book}}
- Mysterious Book.
Title and year
{{cite book |title=Mysterious book |date=1901}}
- Mysterious Book. 1901.
Basic usage (single author)
{{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Joe |authorlink=Joe Bloggs |date=1974 |title=Book of Bloggs}}
- Bloggs, Joe (1974). Book of Bloggs.
Basic usage (two authors)
{{cite book |last1=Bloggs |first1=Joe |authorlink1=Joe Bloggs |last2=Bloggs |first2=Fred |authorlink2=Fred Bloggs |date=1974 |title=Book of Bloggs}}
- Bloggs, Joe; Bloggs, Fred (1974). Book of Bloggs.
Basic usage with url (and accessdate) and edition
{{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Joe |authorlink=Joe Bloggs |date=1974 |title=Book of Bloggs |edition=1st |url=http://en.wikipedia.org/ |accessdate=February 17, 2006}}
- Bloggs, Joe (1974). Book of Bloggs (1st ed.). Retrieved February 17, 2006.
Citing a chapter in a book with different authors for different chapters and an editor
{{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Fred |editor-first=John |editor-last=Doe |title=Big Compilation Book with Many Chapters and Distinct Chapter Authors |publisher=Book Publishers |date=January 1, 2001 |pages=100–110 |chapter=Chapter 2: The History of the Bloggs Family |isbn=978-1-234-56789-7}}
- Bloggs, Fred (January 1, 2001). "Chapter 2: The History of the Bloggs Family". In Doe, John. Big Compilation Book with Many Chapters and Distinct Chapter Authors. Book Publishers. pp. 100–110. ISBN 978-1-234-56789-7.
Citing a chapter in a book with two joint authors and an editor
{{cite book |last1=Bloggs |first1=Joe |last2=Egg |first2=Fred |editor-last=Doe |editor-first=John |title=Big Book with Many Chapters and Two Co-authors |publisher=Book Publishers |date=January 1, 2001 |origyear=1st. Pub. 1986 |pages=100–110 |chapter=Chapter 6: Getting There |chapterurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/ |isbn=978-1-234-56789-7 |lastauthoramp=y}}
- Bloggs, Joe & Egg, Fred (January 1, 2001) [1st. Pub. 1986]. "Chapter 6: Getting There". In Doe, John. Big Book with Many Chapters and Two Co-authors. Book Publishers. pp. 100–110. ISBN 978-1-234-56789-7.
Three authors, title with a piped wikilink, edition
{{cite book |last1=Bloggs |first1=Joe |authorlink1=Joe Bloggs |first2=John |last2=Smith |first3=Jim |last3=Smythe |title=[[A Thousand Acres|1000 Acres]] |edition=2nd}}
- Bloggs, Joe; Smith, John; Smythe, Jim. 1000 Acres (2nd ed.).
Complex usage showing effect of using volume parameter and lastauthoramp parameter (without volume and lastauthoramp)
{{cite book |first1=Major-General I.S.O. |last1=Playfair |authorlink1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |first2=Commander G.M.S |last2=Stitt |first3=Brigadier C.J.C. |last3=Molony |first4=Air Vice-Marshal S.E. |last4=Toomer |editor-first=J.R.M |editor-last=Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East. Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |date=2007 |origyear=1st. pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |isbn=1-845740-65-3}}
- Playfair, Major-General I.S.O.; Stitt, Commander G.M.S; Molony, Brigadier C.J.C.; Toomer, Air Vice-Marshal S.E. (2007) [1st. pub. HMSO:1954]. Butler, J.R.M, ed. Mediterranean and Middle East. Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-65-3.
Complex usage showing effect of using volume parameter and lastauthoramp parameter (with volume and lastauthoramp)
{{cite book |first1=Major-General I.S.O. |last1=Playfair |authorlink1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |first2=Commander G.M.S |last2=Stitt |first3=Brigadier C.J.C. |last3=Molony |first4=Air Vice-Marshal S.E. |last4=Toomer |editor-first=J.R.M |editor-last=Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East |volume=Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |date=2007 |origyear=1st. pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |isbn=1-845740-65-3 |lastauthoramp=y}}
- Playfair, Major-General I.S.O.; Stitt, Commander G.M.S; Molony, Brigadier C.J.C. & Toomer, Air Vice-Marshal S.E. (2007) [1st. pub. HMSO:1954]. Butler, J.R.M, ed. Mediterranean and Middle East. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941). Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-65-3.
Date without day, wikilinked title and publisher, pages, edition, location
{{cite book |last1=Cordell |first1=Bruce R. |last2=Grubb |first2=Jeff |last3=Noonan |first3=David |date=September 2001 |title=[[Manual of the Planes]] |edition=3rd |publisher=[[Wizards of the Coast]] |location=Renton, Wash. |isbn=0-7869-1850-0 |pages=134–137}}
- Cordell, Bruce R.; Grubb, Jeff; Noonan, David (September 2001). Manual of the Planes (3rd ed.). Renton, Wash.: Wizards of the Coast. pp. 134–137. ISBN 0-7869-1850-0.
Other language
{{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Jean |date=1974 |title=Livre de Bloggs |edition=1st |language=French |trans_title=Book of Bloggs |url=http://en.wikipedia.org/ |accessdate=February 17, 2006}}
- Bloggs, Jean (1974). Livre de Bloggs [Book of Bloggs] (in French) (1st ed.). Retrieved February 17, 2006.
Using a DOI
{{cite book |last=Mumford |first=David |authorlink=David Mumford |date=1999 |title=The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes: Includes the Michigan Lectures (1974) on Curves and Their Jacobians |edition=2nd |publisher=[[Springer-Verlag]] |doi=10.1007/b62130 |isbn=354063293X}}
- Mumford, David (1999). The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes: Includes the Michigan Lectures (1974) on Curves and Their Jacobians (2nd ed.). Springer-Verlag. ISBN 354063293X. doi:10.1007/b62130.
Using author-mask parameter
{{cite book |first1=Major-General I.S.O. |last1=Playfair |authorlink1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=Commander G.M.S |last3=Molony |first3=Brigadier C.J.C. |last4=Toomer |first4=Air Vice-Marshal S.E. |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J.R.M |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |date=2004 |origyear=1st. pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |isbn=1-845740-65-3 |lastauthoramp=y}}
- Playfair, Major-General I.S.O.; Stitt, Commander G.M.S; Molony, Brigadier C.J.C. & Toomer, Air Vice-Marshal S.E. (2004) [1st. pub. HMSO:1954]. Butler, J.R.M, ed. Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-65-3.
{{cite book |first1=Major-General I.S.O. |last1=Playfair |authorlink1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Flynn |first2=Captain F.C. (R.N.) |last3=Molony |first3=Brigadier C.J.C. |last4=Toomer |first4=Air Vice-Marshal S.E. |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J.R.M |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume II: The Germans come to the help of their Ally (1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |date=2004 |origyear=1st. pub. [[HMSO]]:19541956 |isbn=1-845740-66-1 |lastauthoramp=y |author-mask=2}}
- ——; Flynn, Captain F.C. (R.N.); Molony, Brigadier C.J.C. & Toomer, Air Vice-Marshal S.E. (2004) [1st. pub. HMSO:19541956]. Butler, J.R.M, ed. The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume II: The Germans Come to the Help of Their Ally (1941). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-66-1.
{{cite book |first1=Major-General I.S.O. |last1=Playfair |authorlink1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Flynn |first2=Captain F.C. (R.N.) |last3=Molony |first3=Brigadier C.J.C. |last4=Gleave |first4=Group Captain T.P. |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=Sir James |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume III: British Fortunes reach their Lowest Ebb (September 1941 to September 1942) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |date=2004 |origyear=1st. pub. [[HMSO]]:19541960 |isbn=1-845740-67-X |lastauthoramp=y |author-mask=2}}
- ——; Flynn, Captain F.C. (R.N.); Molony, Brigadier C.J.C. & Gleave, Group Captain T.P. (2004) [1st. pub. HMSO:19541960]. Butler, Sir James, ed. The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume III: British Fortunes Reach Their Lowest Ebb (September 1941 to September 1942). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-67-X.
Using display-authors parameter
{{cite book |first1=Major-General I.S.O. |last1=Playfair |authorlink1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=Commander G.M.S |last3=Molony |first3=Brigadier C.J.C. |last4=Toomer |first4=Air Vice-Marshal S.E. |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J.R.M |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |date=2004 |origyear=1st. pub. [[HMSO]] |r=1954 |isbn=1-845740-65-3 |display-authors=1}}
- Playfair, Major-General I.S.O. et al. (1954) [1st. pub. HMSO]. Butler, J.R.M, ed. Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941). History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-845740-65-3.
Parameters
Syntax
Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:
- parent
- OR: parent2—may be used instead of parent
- child—may be used with parent (and is ignored if parent is not used)
- OR: child2—may be used instead of child (and is ignored if parent2 is not used)
- Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.
COinS
This template embeds COinS metadata in the HTML output, allowing reference management software to retrieve bibliographic metadata. See: Wikipedia:COinS. As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text:
- Use
|date=27 September 2007
not|date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September)
Use of templates within the citation template, is generally discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be rendered in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example
, –
, etc, should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata. Do not include Wiki markup ''
(italic font) or '''
(bold font) because these markup characters will contaminate the metadata.
COinS metadata is created for these parameters:
|periodical=
,|journal=
,|newspaper=
,|magazine=
,|work=
,|website=
,|encyclopedia=
,|encyclopaedia=
,|dictionary=
|chapter=
,|contribution=
,|entry=
,|article=
,|section=
|title=
|publicationplace=
,|publication-place=
|date=
,|year=
,|publicationdate=
,|publication-date=
|series=
,|version=
|volume=
|issue=
,|number=
|page=
,|pages=
,|at=
|edition=
|publisher=
,|distributor=
,|institution=
|url=
|chapterurl=
,|chapter-url=
,|contributionurl=
,|contribution-url=
,|sectionurl=
|author#=
,|Author#=
,|authors#=
,|author#-last=
,|author-last#=
,|last#=
,|surname#=
- any of the named identifiers (
|isbn=
,|issn=
,|doi=
,|pmc=
, etc)
Deprecated
The following parameters are deprecated. Their use will place the page into Category:Pages containing cite templates with deprecated parameters:
- day · month: Use date to include the day, month and year.
- coauthor · coauthors: Use last# / first# or author or authors
Description
Authors
- authorlink: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: authorlink1, author-link, author1-link, author1link.
- OR: for multiple authors, use authorlink1 through authorlinkn. Aliases: author1-link through authorn-link.
- coauthors: (deprecated)
Names of coauthors. Requires author, authors, or lastnInclude coauthors in author or authors or use separate authorn or lastn/firstn to list coauthors. - others: To record other contributors to the work, such as Illustrated by John Smith or Translated by John Smith.
- When using shortened footnotes or parenthetical referencing styles with templates, do not use multiple names in one field or else the anchor will not match the inline link.
Title
- title: Title of source. Can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in italics.
- trans-title: English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after title; if url is defined, then trans-title is included in the link. Use of the language parameter is recommended.
- Titles containing certain characters will display and link incorrectly unless those characters are encoded.
newline | [ | ] | |
---|---|---|---|
space | [ | ] | | |
- type: Provides additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case. Displays in parentheses following the title. Examples: Thesis, Booklet, CD liner, Press release.
- chapter: The chapter heading of the source. May be wikilinked or may use chapter-url, but not both. Displays in quotes.
- trans-chapter: English translation of the chapter heading, if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after the chapter field; if chapter-url is defined, then trans-chapter is included in the link. Use of the language parameter is recommended.
- language: The language the source is written in, if not English. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name. Use the full language name or ISO 639-1 code; use of language names or language codes recognized by Wikimedia adds the page to the appropriate subcategory of Category:CS1 foreign language sources; do not use templates.
Date
- date: Date of source being referenced. Can be full date (day, month, and year) or partial date (month and year, season and year, year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations.[date 1] Required when year is used to disambiguate
{{sfn}}
links to multiple-work citations by the same author in the same year.[more] Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after publisher. For acceptable date formats, see Help:Citation Style 1#Dates.
- For approximate year, precede with "
c.
", like this:|date=c. 1900
; for no date, add as|date=n.d.
- OR:
- year: Year of source being referenced. Required with some types of
{{sfn}}
citations;[more] otherwise use date. - month: (deprecated)
Name of the month or season of publication.Use date instead.
- year: Year of source being referenced. Required with some types of
- origyear: Original publication year; displays after the date or year. For clarity, please supply specifics. For example:
|origyear=First published 1859
or|origyear=Composed 1904
.
- ↑ Publication dates in references within an article should all have the same format. This may be a different format from that used for archive and access dates. See: MOS:DATEUNIFY.
Publisher
- publisher: Name of publisher; may be wikilinked if relevant. The publisher is the company that publishes the work being cited. Do not use the publisher parameter for the name of a work (e.g., a book, encyclopedia, newspaper, magazine, journal, website). Not normally used for periodicals. Corporate designations such as "Ltd", "Inc" or "GmbH" are not usually included. Omit where the publisher's name is substantially the same as the name of the work (for example, The New York Times Co. publishes The New York Times newspaper, so there is no reason to name the publisher). Displays after title; if work is defined, then publisher is enclosed in parentheses.
- place: Geographical place of publication; generally not wikilinked; omit when the name of the work includes the location; examples: The Boston Globe, The Times of India. Displays after the title; if work is defined, then location is enclosed in parentheses. Alias: location
- publication-place: If any one of publication-place, place or location are defined, then the location shows after the title; if publication-place and place or location are defined, then place or location are shown before the title prefixed with "written at" and publication-place is shown after the title.
- publication-date: Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. Displays only if year or date are defined and only if different, else publication-date is used and displayed as date. Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink. Follows publisher; if work is not defined, then publication-date is preceded by "published" and enclosed in parenthesis.
- via: Name of the content deliverer (if different from publisher) that presents the source in a format other than the original (e.g. NewsBank); or when the URL provided does not make clear the identity of the deliverer; or where no URL or DOI is available (EBSCO); or if the deliverer requests attribution; or as suggested in WP:The Wikipedia Library (e.g. Credo, HighBeam).
|via=
permits adding a level of detail to "say where you found it" within the syntax of the citation template.|via=
is not intended to replace|publisher=
. See also|registration=
and|subscription=
.
Edition, series, volume
- edition: When the publication has more than one edition; for example: "2nd", "Revised" etc. Displays " ed." after this field, so
|edition=2nd
produces "2nd ed." Does not display if a periodical field is defined.
- series or version: When the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal where the issue numbering has restarted.
- volume: For one publication published in several volumes. Displays after the title and series fields; volumes of four characters or less display in bold.
In-source locations
- page: The number of a single page in the source that supports the content. Use either
|page=
or|pages=
, but not both. Displays preceded by
unlessp.
|nopp=y
. - OR: pages: A range of pages in the source that supports the content. Use either
|page=
or|pages=
, but not both. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. Displays preceded by
unlesspp.
|nopp=y
. Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use|at=
.- nopp: Set to y to suppress the
orp.
notations where this is inappropriate; for example, wherepp.
|page=Front cover
.
- nopp: Set to y to suppress the
- OR: at: For sources where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient. Overridden by
|page=
or|pages=
. Use only one of|page=
,|pages=
, or|at=
.
- Examples: page (p.) or pages (pp.); section (sec.), column (col.), paragraph (para.); track; hours, minutes and seconds; act, scene, canto, book, part, folio, stanza, back cover, liner notes, indicia, colophon, dust jacket, verse.
URL
- url: URL of an online location where the text of the publication can be found. Cannot be used if title is wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Remove spurious tracking parameters from URLs, e.g.
#ixzz2rBr3aO94
or?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=...
. Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as Amazon.com. See: WP:PAGELINKS.- accessdate: Full date when the contents pointed to by url was last verified to support the text in the article; do not wikilink; requires url; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations.[date 1] Not required for linked documents that do not change. For example, accessdate is not required for links to copies of published research papers accessed via DOI or a published book, but is required for links to news articles on commercial sites (these are changed from time to time, even if also published in a physical media). Note that accessdate is the date that the URL was checked to not only be working, but to support the assertion being cited (which the current version of the page may not do). Can be hidden or styled by registered editors.
- archiveurl: The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the url becomes unavailable. Typically used to refer to services like WebCite (see: Wikipedia:Using WebCite) and Internet Archive (see: Wikipedia:Using the Wayback Machine); requires archivedate and url.
- archivedate: Date when the original URL was archived; preceded by default text "archived from the original on". Use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. This does not necessarily have to be the same format that was used for citing publication dates.[date 1] Do not wikilink.
- deadurl: When the URL is still live, but pre-emptively archived, then set
|deadurl=no
. This changes the display order with the title retaining the original link and the archive linked at the end.
- template doc demo: The archive parameters will be error checked to ensure that all the required parameters are included, or else {{citation error}} is invoked. With errors, main, help and template pages are placed into Category:Articles with incorrect citation syntax. Set
|template doc demo=true
to disable categorization; mainly used for documentation where the error is demonstrated.
- format: Format of the work referred to by url; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after title. HTML is implied and should not be specified. Does not change the external link icon. Note: External link icons do not include alt text; thus, they do not add format information for the visually impaired.
- URLs must begin with a supported URI scheme.
http://
andhttps://
will be supported by all browsers; however,ftp://
,gopher://
,irc://
,ircs://
,mailto:
andnews:
will require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided. IPv6 host-names are currently not supported. - If URLs in citation template parameters contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be percent-encoded. For example, a space must be replaced by
%20
. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:
sp | " | ' | < | > | [ | ] | { | | | } |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
%20 | %22 | %27 | %3c | %3e | %5b | %5d | %7b | %7c | %7d |
- Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Accessdate and archivedate in references should all have the same format – either the format used for publication dates, or YYYY-MM-DD. See: MOS:DATEUNIFY.
Anchor
- ref: ID for anchor. By default, no anchor is generated. The ordinary nonempty value
|ref=ID
generates an anchor with the given ID; such a linkable reference can be made the target of wikilinks to full references, especially useful in short citations like shortened notes and parenthetical referencing. The special value|ref=harv
generates an anchor suitable for the {{harv}} template. See: Anchors for Harvard referencing templates.
Identifiers
- id: A unique identifier, used where none of the specialized identifiers are applicable; wikilink or use a template as applicable.
These identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g. rfc=822
or pmc=345678
.
- arxiv: arXiv identifier; for example:
arxiv=hep-th/9205027
(before April 2007) orarxiv=0706.0001
(since April 2007). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html".
- asin: Amazon Standard Identification Number; if first character of asin value is a digit, use isbn.
- asin-tld: ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values:
au
,br
,ca
,cn
,co.jp
,co.uk
,de
,es
,fr
,it
,mx
- asin-tld: ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values:
- bibcode: Bibcode; used by a number of astronomical data systems; for example:
1974AJ.....79..819H
- doi: Digital object identifier; for example:
10.1038/news070508-7
. It is checked to ensure it begins with (
).10.
- doi_brokendate: Date the DOI was found to be non-working at http://dx.doi.org. Use the same format as other dates in the article.
- isbn: International Standard Book Number; for example:
978-0-8126-9593-9
. (See: Wikipedia:ISBN and ISBN). Dashes in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10-digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information – usually the back of the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9-digit SBN system, prefix the number with a zero; thus, SBN 902888-45-5 should be entered as|isbn=0-902888-45-5
. Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10-digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Alias: ISBN - issn: International Standard Serial Number; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space.
- jfm: Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik
- jstor: JSTOR abstract; for example: "
jstor=3793107
" will generate JSTOR 3793107. - lccn: Library of Congress Control Number. When present, alphabetic prefix characters are to be lower case.
- mr: Mathematical Reviews
- oclc: OCLC
- ol: Open Library identifier; do not include "OL" in the value.
- osti: Office of Scientific and Technical Information
- pmc: PubMed Central; use article number for full-text free repository of a journal article. E.g.
pmc=345678
. Do not include "PMC" in the value. See also|pmid=
below; these are two different identifiers.- embargo: Date that pmc goes live; if this date is in the future, then pmc is not linked until that date.
- pmid: PubMed; use unique identifier. See also
|pmc=
above; these are two different identifiers. - rfc: Request for Comments
- ssrn: Social Science Research Network
- zbl: Zentralblatt MATH
Quote
- quote: Relevant text quoted from the source. Displays enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote needs to include terminating punctuation.
Editors
- editor-last: Surname of editor. Do not wikilink—use editor-link instead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply use editor-last to include the same format as the source. Aliases: editor1-last, editor, editors, editorn.
- editor-first: Given or first names of editor, including title(s); example: Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Dr. Firstname M., Sr. Do not wikilink—use editor-link instead. Aliases: editor1-first.
- OR: for multiple editors, use editor1-last, editor1-first through editorn-last, editorn-first.
- editor-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor—not the editor's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: editor1-link.
- OR: for multiple editors, use editor1-link through editorn-link.
- Display:
- If authors: Authors are first, followed by the included work, then "In" and the editors, then the main work.
- If no authors: Editors appear before the included work; a single editor is followed by "ed."; multiple editors are followed by "eds."; exactly four editors will show three editors followed by "et al., eds." unless display-editors is used.
Laysummary
- layurl: URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; the URL title is set to "Lay summary". Aliases: laysummary.
- laysource: Name of the source of the laysummary. Displays in italics and preceded by an endash.
- laydate: Date of the summary. Displays in parentheses.
Display options
- display-editors: Controls the number of editor names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of editors, set display-editors to the desired number. For example,
|display-editors=2
will display only the first two editors in a citation. By default, all editors are displayed except when there are four editors, then the editor list in the citation is truncated to three editors, followed by "et al." This exception mimics the older version of the template for compatibility. If a citation contains four editor names and one wishes all four editor names to display, "et al." may be suppressed by setting |display-editors=4
. Aliases: displayeditors.
- postscript: Controls the closing punctuation for a citation; defaults to a period (
.
); for no terminating punctuation, specify |postscript=none
– leaving |postscript=
empty is the same as omitting it, but is ambiguous. Ignored if quote is defined.
- separator: Controls the punctuation used to separate lists of authors, editors, etc. Defaults to a period (
.
); if the parameter is present, but blank, separator punctuation is set to the default; a space must be encoded as  
.
Subscription or registration required
Main article: WP:PAYWALL
These parameters add a link note to the end of the citation:
- registration: For online sources that require registration, set
|registration=yes
; superseded by subscription if both are set.
- subscription: For online sources that require a subscription, set
|subscription=yes
; supersedes registration if both are set.
TemplateData
This is the TemplateData documentation for this template used by VisualEditor and other tools.
Cite book
This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options.
Template parameters
Parameter Description Type Status URL url
URL
The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found
String optional Title title
The title of the book; displays in italics
String required Last name last
author
author1
authors
last1
The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors
Unknown required First name first
first1
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors
Unknown required Author link authorlink
authorlink1
Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors
Page optional Last name of second author last2
author2
The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink2'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors
Unknown optional First name of second author first2
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors
Unknown optional Author link for second author authorlink2
Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors
Page optional Last name last3
author3
The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink3'.
Unknown optional First name first3
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink.
Unknown optional Author link authorlink3
author3-link
Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author.
Page optional Last name last4
author4
The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink4'.
Unknown optional First name first4
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink.
Unknown optional Author link authorlink4
author4-link
Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth author.
Page optional Last name last5
author5
The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink5'.
Unknown optional First name first5
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink.
Unknown optional Author link authorlink5
author5-link
Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author.
Page optional Last name last6
author6
The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink6'.
Unknown optional First name first6
author6-link
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink.
Unknown optional Author link authorlink6
Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author.
Page optional Last name last7
author7
The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink7'.
Unknown optional First name first7
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink.
Unknown optional Author link authorlink7
author7-link
Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author.
Page optional Last name last8
author8
The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink8'.
Unknown optional First name first8
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink.
Unknown optional Author link authorlink8
author8-link
Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author.
Page optional Last name last9
author9
The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink9'. If nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last author.
Unknown optional First name first9
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink.
Unknown optional Author link authorlink9
author9-link
Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author.
Page optional date date
Full date of the source; do not wikilink
String optional Work work
Name of the work in which the cited book text is found
String optional Publisher publisher
Name of the publisher; displays after title
String suggested URL access date accessdate
The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink
String optional Others others
Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'
String optional Year of publication year
Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known
String suggested Original year origyear
Original year of publication; provide specifics
String optional ISBN isbn
International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible
String suggested Editor last name editor-last
editor
editor1-last
editors
The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors
Unknown optional Editor first name editor-first
editor1-first
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors
Unknown optional Editor link editor-link
editor1-link
Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors
Page optional Last name of second editor editor2-last
The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'
String optional First name of second editor editor2-first
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'
String optional Link for second editor editor2-link
Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second editor
Page optional Last name of third editor editor3-last
The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'
String optional First name of third editor editor3-first
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'
String optional Link for third editor editor3-link
Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third editor
Page optional Last name of fourth editor editor4-last
The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'
String optional First name of fourth editor editor4-first
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'
String optional Link for fourth editor editor4-link
Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth editor
Page optional Last name of fifth editor editor5-last
The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'
String optional First name of fifth editor editor5-first
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'
String optional Link for fifth editor editor5-link
Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth editor
Page optional Last name of sixth editor editor6-last
The surname of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'
String optional First name of sixth editor editor6-first
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'
String optional Link for sixth editor editor6-link
Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth editor
Page optional Last name of seventh editor editor7-last
The surname of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'
String optional First name of seventh editor editor7-first
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'
String optional Link for seventh editor editor7-link
Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh editor
Page optional Last name of eighth editor editor8-last
The surname of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'
String optional First name of eighth editor editor8-first
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'
String optional Link for eighth editor editor8-link
Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth editor
Page optional Last name of ninth editor editor9-last
The surname of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'
String optional First name of ninth editor editor9-first
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'
String optional Link for ninth editor editor9-link
Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth editor
Page optional Edition edition
When the publication has more than one edition; for example: '2nd', 'Revised' etc.; suffixed by ' ed.'
String optional Series identifier series
version
Series identifier when the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal
String optional Volume volume
For one publication published in several volumes
String optional Location of publication location
place
Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place
String suggested Place of publication publication-place
Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'
String optional Publication date publication-date
Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink
String optional Page page
The number of a single page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'; use either page= or pages=, but not both
String optional Page(s) cited pages
A range of pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source); displays after 'pp.'; use either page= or pages=, but not both
String suggested No pp nopp
Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover')
String optional At at
May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient
String optional Language language
The language in which the source is written, if not English; use the full language name; do not use icons or templates
String optional Translated title trans_title
An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended
String optional Chapter chapter
The chapter heading of the source; may be wikilinked or with 'chapterurl' but not both
String optional Translated chapter trans_chapter
An English language chapter heading, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended
String optional Chapter URL chapterurl
chapter-url
The URL of the online location where the text of the chapter can be found
String optional Type type
Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case
String optional Format format
Format of the work referred to by 'url'; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML
String optional arXiv identifier arxiv
An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers
String optional ASIN asin
Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters
String optional ASIN TLD asin-tld
ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US
String optional Bibcode bibcode
Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters
String optional DOI doi
Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.'
String optional DOI broken date doi_brokendate
The date that the DOI was determined to be broken
String optional ISSN issn
International Standard Serial Number; 8 characters; may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen
String optional jfm code jfm
Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code
String optional JSTOR jstor
JSTOR identifier
String optional LCCN lccn
Library of Congress Control Number
String optional MR mr
Mathematical Reviews identifier
String optional OCLC oclc
Online Computer Library Center number
String optional OL ol
Open Library identifier
String optional OSTI osti
Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier
String optional PMC pmc
PubMed Center article number
String optional PMID pmid
PubMed Unique Identifier
String optional RFC rfc
Request for Comments number
String optional SSRN ssrn
Social Science Research Network
String optional Zbl zbl
Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier
String optional id id
A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable
String optional Archive URL archiveurl
The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archivedate'
String optional Archive date archivedate
Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink
String optional Dead URL deadurl
If set to 'no', the title display is adjusted; useful for when the URL is archived preemptively but still live
String optional Quote quote
Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; needs to include terminating punctuation
String optional Ref ref
An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv template
String optional Separator separator
The punctuation used to separate lists of authors, editors, etc.; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark
- Default
- .
String optional Postscript postscript
The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined
- Default
- .
String optional Lay URL layurl
laysummary
URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source
String optional Lay source laysource
Name of the source of the laysummary; displays in italics, preceded by an en dash
String optional Lay date laydate
Date of the summary; displays in parentheses
String optional Author mask author-mask
Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead
String optional Author name separator author-name-separator
Changes the separator between last and first names; defaults to a comma and space; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark
- Default
- ,
String optional Author separator author-separator
Changes the separator between authors; defaults to a semicolon and space; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark
- Default
- ;
String optional Display authors display-authors
displayauthors
number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used; default is to do so after 8 of 9 are listed
- Default
- 8
Number optional Last author ampersand lastauthoramp
When set to any value, changes the separator between the last two names of the author list to 'space ampersand space'
String optional
See also
General
templates
- {{Cite arXiv}}
- arXiv preprint
- {{Cite AV media}}
- audio and visual
- {{Cite AV media notes}}
- audio and visual liner notes
- {{Cite book}}
- books
- {{Cite conference}}
- conference papers
- {{Cite DVD notes}}
- DVD liner notes
- {{Cite encyclopedia}}
- edited collections
- {{Cite episode}}
- radio or television episodes
- {{Cite interview}}
- interviews
- {{Cite journal}}
- magazines, journals, academic papers
- {{Cite mailing list}}
- public mailing lists
- {{Cite map}}
- maps
- {{Cite news}}
- news articles
- {{Cite newsgroup}}
- online newsgroups
- {{Cite podcast}}
- audio or video podcast
- {{Cite press release}}
- press releases
- {{Cite serial}}
- audio or video serials
- {{Cite sign}}
- signs, plaques
- {{Cite speech}}
- speeches
- {{Cite techreport}}
- technical reports
- {{Cite thesis}}
- theses
- {{Cite web}}
- web sources
Identifier-based
templates Categories Documentation
Wikipedia referencing General Citing sources Inline citations Help for beginners Advanced help Help templates
- {{Edit refs}}
- {{Reflist newuser}}
- {{Refref}}
- {{Refref2}}
- {{Refstart}}
Italics indicate deprecated or obsolete content.
This template produces COinS metadata; see COinS in Wikipedia for background information.